Culvert.



J. B. JARMIN.

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JAMES IB. JARMIN, 0F SPQKANE, WASHINGTON.

CULVERT.

Speccation of Letters Patent.

Application led August 21, 1911.

Patented Dec.26, 1911.

Serial-No. 645,049.

To all whom fit ma/y concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES B. JARMIN, a citizen of the -United States, residing at Spokane, in the county of Spokane and State of Washington, have invented a new and useful Culvert, of which the following is a specification. .i

In order -to set forth clearly, the objects of `this-invention, it is found necessary to discuss, at some length, the prior art, and to call attention, without derogation, to certain prior patents, which-patents serve to indicate the stateof-the art, and to make manifest the diiculties which the present invention is adapted to overcome. The art includes such patents as that granted to W. F.' Izooker, #971,456; that granted to C. A. Foster', #979,146; and my own prior Patent, #951,279. Patent #971,456 discloses a culvert consisting of an up er section and a lower section, the long1tudinal edges of the upper section fitting within the longitudinal edges of the lower section. To the upper section, a strip is applied, and the strip is shouldered to receive the lowersec tion, and extends uponthe outside of said lower section, this strip being riveted. 1n place, to constitute a means for preventlng the upper section from entering too far lnto the lower section. this device, results from the fact that relative ,movement between the sections of the culvert, is prevented by the strip which ils riveted to the u per section, it bein obvious that when th1s strip is detached, t rou h a rusting away of the securing rivets, t e upper section will move freely, transversely, into the lower section. The crushing strength of the culvert, therefore, is no greater than the shearing strength of the rivets which secure the strip to the lower section. The device shown in "Patent 979,146, differs but slightly in construction from the device shown in Patent #971,456, and the foregoing remarks relative-to the device shown in the one patent, apply with equal propriety to the device shown in the other patent, it being obvious that in Patent 979,146, the crushing strength of the culvert is no greater than the shearing strength of the rivets which secure the clips tothe lower section. In my own prior' Pat` ent, #951,279, the diiiiculties above referred to, are obviated by reason of the fact that a shoulder is'forned directly in 'the lower section, upon which shoulder the upper section The structural defect in.

is adapted to rest. In the culvert under consideration,' the upper portion of the culvert is held upon the shoulder in the lower portion thereof, by rivets which 'pass through the overlapped edges of the two sections. It may be stated that culverts of this character have been made up to 84 inches in diameter, and it will be seen readily, that in a culvert of this size, the

alining of the parts to receive the rivets, is a matter of no small diiliculty. Moreover,

in my prior Patent #951,279, the shoulder` The objects of the present invention are-to provide a nestable culvert, the lower Section of which is adapted, in a novel manner, to receive the lower edge of the upper section thereof, means being provided for holding the upper section upon the shoulder of the lower section, and for guiding the lower edge of theupper section into engagement with the adjacent edge of the lower section.

With, the foregoing and other objects in view which will appear as the description proceeds, the invention resides in the combination and arrangement of parts and -in the details of construction hereinafter described and claimed, it being understood that changes in the precise embodiment of invention herein disclosed can be made within the scope of what is claimed without departing from the spirit of the invention.

In the accompanying drawings,-Figure 1 shows in perspective, a culvert constructed.

in accordance with the present invention; and Fig. 2 is an enlarged detailperspective showing the meeting edges of the lower and Aupper sections 'of the culvert.

The culvert herein disclosed, is preferably fashionedfrom corrugated metal, and is ordinari-ly circular in outline. cludes a lower section 1 and an upper section 2, each of any desired length, and each approximately semi-circular in cross section. Adjacent its upper ed e, at each side, the

The culvert inlower section lpis exten ed outwardly to Adefine a shoulder 3, and to define a flange 4" above the shoulder 3. A strip 5 is applied \to the inner face of the lower section 1, and

extends upwardly and downwardly, above the shoulder 3. The strip 5 preferably, although not necessarily, extends the full length of the section 1. The strip 5 is 'secured to the section 1 by a series .of rivets or other securing elements, denoted by the numeral 6, the rivets 6 passing through the section 1, just` below the shoulder 3. |The upper edge 7 of the strip 5. is spaced slightly below theupper edge 8 of the flange 4 of the section 1. In practical operation, the lower edgeof Y the upper section 2 is mounted .in place between the flange 4 and the strip 5,

.the upper section 2 being supported by the shoulder 3 in' the lower section 1.

When a culvert of the class above de' scribed is subjected to a superposed load, the tendency of the culvert to collapse, causes the lower edges of the upper section 2 to press outwardly. Noting Fig. 2 it will be seen that this tendency of the lower edges Aof the upper section 2 to move outwardly,

is resisted by the flange 4 which is an integral part of the lower section 1. The

crushing strength of the culvert, therefore,

is entirely independent of the shearing strength of the rivets 6.-

As will be understood, the strip 5 coperates withthe fiange 4 in holding the upper section 2 upon the lower section 1. By

fashioning the shoulder 3 in the sectionll,l

the section 1- is reinforced, directly above, and in close vicinity to, the rivets 6, and thus the section 1 is strengthened to receive the strain imposed thereupon by the rivets, the reinforcing shoulder 3 being located between the rivets 6 Aand the up er edge 8 of the flange 4. 'Owing to the act that the upper edge 7 of the strip 5 is'located below the upper edge 8 of the flange 4, the mounting o the section 2 upon the section 1 is facilitated', it beingV necessary,.merely, to move one edge of the section 2 laterally, across the upper edge 7 of the strip 5, until the flange 4 is encountered, whereupon the edge of the section 2 may be permitted to drop between the flange 4 andthe strip 5, 'into abutment with the shoulder 3. The other edge of the section 2 is thus alined for insertion between the'corresponding flange 4 and correspondin strip 5.

aving thus described the invention, what is claimed is 1. In a metal culvert, a lower section, ex-

tended outwardly adjacent its upper end to dene a shoulder, and todefineY a flange above the shoulder; a strip secured to the inner facelof the lower section, below the shoulder, and upstanding above the shoulder; and an upper section inserted between the flange and the strip.

2. In a.- metal culvert, a lower section extended outwardly` Aadjacent its upper edge to define a shoulder, and to dene a flange above the shoulder; a strip secured to the inner face of the lower section, below the shoulder, and upstanding above the shoulder; and an upper section having its lower edge inserted between.v the flange, and the strip; the upper edge of the strip being spaced below the lowerv edge of the flange, to facilitate the insertion o the edgey of the upper section between the strip and 'the flange.

3. In a metal culvert, a lower section; a strip applied-to the inner face of the lower section; securing elements uniting the strip with the lower section; the lower section being carried outwardly and upwardly, to define a shoulder in the lower section, located between the 'securing elements and the upper ,edge of the lower section, the shoulder being adapted to reinforce the lower section against the action of the securlng elements;

`an'd an upper section inserted between the lupper edge ofthe lower sectionv and the str1p, and resting upon the shoulder.

4. In a metal culvert, a lower section; a strip applied to the inner face of the lower section securing elements uniting the strip with the lower section; the lower section being carried outwardly and upwardly, above the securing elements, to reinforce the lower.

,4 In testimony that I claim the foregoing- :as my own, I havehereto afiixed my signature intheJ presence of two witnesses. .JAMES B. JARMIN.

Witnesses:

L. H. SnYnER, A. R.,TRUAX. 

